Frozen pipe damage — why our climate produces it
Vancouver and Portland metro typically get 1–3 cold snaps per winter where temperatures drop below 25°F for several days. During these events, water inside unheated wall cavities, garages, attics, and exterior crawl-space lines can freeze. Frozen water expands ~9%, generating pressure that ruptures the pipe at its weakest point — usually a fitting, soldered joint, or thin-walled section.
The rupture often isn't discovered immediately because frozen water in the pipe blocks flow. Damage starts when temperatures rise and the ice plug melts: water flows through the rupture site at full pressure, often releasing significant water before homeowners notice or shut off the main.
TIK's call volume during sustained cold snaps is several times normal. We staff seasonally for these events with additional crews on call, more equipment positioned across the service area, and extended dispatch hours. The pattern is predictable enough that we plan for it every winter.